HOW PHYSICAL PREPARATION HELPED TO WIN THE 1970 WORLD CUP – TRI-CHAMPIONSHIP – IN MEXICO

CBD BULLETIN REPORT – 11 and 12

THIRD PART

3 – DEVELOPMENT OF WORK

3.1 – Initial evaluation – Once the players are presented on 12-2-70, the general medical examination of all organs of the human body was initiated, followed by auxiliary tests, such as blood, urine, feces and abreugraphy – the complementation of dental and morphophysiological tests, performed at The Miguem Couto Hospital, by a team of 35 specialized physicians and then applied the physical fitness tests provided for in the general training plan

TESTS – CONCEPT:

The most correct and scientific way used to organize and plan sports training is through physical fitness tests.

In the assessment of athletic value, it seems to us that all tests have only one target – to measure the ability to produce work.

However, this does not require a large amount and diversity of application of physical evaluation tests.

We have felt that Physical Education, among us, is going to a stage in which traditional arguments and authoritarian pronouncements are giving way to scientific expectations that have been northing the contents of school programs.

And it is precisely in the phase of the scientific movement characteristic of the current trend of training of our athletes that the test programs need to be faced with due seriousness and objectivity.

In recent years, large number of tests have been developed worldwide. The bibliography specialized in tests and measures in Physical Education, namely that that comes to us from the U.S. and Europe, list thousands of tests, framed in dozens of areas such as growth, nutrition, body mechanism, strength, agility, speed, endurance, coordination, cardiovascular conditions, athletic ability, balance, etc.

To better fulfill a training program, the trainer needs to know properly the skills of his athletes. Estimates of these skills will not be possible in a certain period of time, let alone if the trainer deals with a large squad. Properly administered and interpreted tests provide the coach with the necessary information and data regarding the of the organic and athletic condition of his athletes that allows him, then, traces a training program.

The research of physical fitness criteria should include a simple biological balance, adapted to the individual examined and a study of the organism submitted to effort by performing cardiovascular and neuromuscular tests.

In practice that’s exactly what’s going on. The first problem when presenting an athlete is knowing their physical fitness, which allows us to improve their performance capacity. According to your physical state, can you follow the training already given to others at a similar dosage, or will the load have to vary more or less? The answer is only possible through measurements.

According to the modern concept of physical fitness test, its purpose is to use as many muscles as possible, to measure cardiopulmonary capacity more than primarily muscle fatigue, because during the test the acceleration of the heart rhythm caused by the given exercise is taken into account, and the speed of calm.

Therefore, the tests we present aim to measure “fitness” in the sense of physical capacity, of general athletic condition.

WHAT IS REQUIRED FOR A GOOD TEST

1) – VALIDITY – a test is valid when you measure exactly what you want to measure. This validity is usually verified by the correlation of test results with known patterns.

2) – PRECISION (SAFETY) – by precision we understand that the trainer can repeat the same tests for the same group and get approximately the same results.

3) – OBJECTIVITY – objectivity it is understood that a test can be given to the same group by different people (coaches) and still obtain the same results.

4) – SIMPLICITY – the simpler the test, the more useful it will be: simplicity in this case means:

a) – time saving.

b) – cost – the less material or equipment used, the more useful the test will be.

c) Easy understanding – complicated execution techniques, both for the preparer and for the student, will usually produce poor or not always valid results.

5) – STANDARDIZATION IN THE APPLICATION – as we saw in the lines behind, the processes of application of the tests should be as standardized as possible, so that the results obtained meet the criteria of accuracy and agility.

6) – ABOVE ALL TESTS MUST MEAN SOMETHING IMMEDIATE – The results of the tests must be interpreted, so that they can immediately provide the necessary data for the improvement of the processes.

PURPOSES

Physical fitness tests were created with the purpose of offering the coach a means of obtaining a relative measure of the degree of development of the physical qualities of their athletes. Although not always constituted of exact measures, the tests provide a valuable assistance to the person in charge of training, in its different phases:

a) – When applied to large groups, they allow the initial selection of athletes from among the mass, by identifying possessors of physical qualities in high degree.

b) – In the initial phase of training, they allow the identification of weaknesses, even in athletes already formed. Through the initial tests, data will be obtained for the coach’s guidance on the difficult problem of fixing the loads to be applied.

c)- The results obtained in each test will have special meaning, since compared with the indexes obtained in the same test, by athletes admittedly possessing the physical quality tested (the speed of a “sprinter”, the strength of a weightlifter, the hardennce of the marathonist, etc…).

By Jucele

Julio Leal

2021